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Emmy Eugenie Andriesse (January 14, 1914, The Hague - February 20, 1953, Amsterdam) was a Dutch photographer best known for her work with the Underground Camera group (De Ondergedoken Camera) during World War II. Emmy Andriesse was the only child of liberal Jews Abraham Andriesse, textile company representative, and Else Fuld. At age fifteen, she lost her mother, and since her father traveled internationally for work, she was raised by several aunts. From 1932 to 1937, after high school, Andriesse studied advertising design at the Academy of Fine Arts in The Hague founded in 1929 by designer Gerrit Kiljan. At the academy she belonged to a group of students around left-wing designer Paul Schuitema. In June 1941 Andriesse married graphic designer and visual artist Dick Elffers (with whom she had two sons, one who died young), but as a Jew during the Nazi occupation Andriesse was no longer able to publish and she was forced into hiding. At the end of 1944, with the assistance of the anthropologist Arie Froe she forged an identity card and re-engaged in everyday life, joining a group of photographers, including Cas Oorthuys and Charles Breijer, working clandestinely as ''De Ondergedoken Camera''. The photos that Andriesse made under very difficult conditions of famine in Amsterdam, include ''Boy with pan'', ''The Gravedigger'' and ''Kattenburg Children'' and are documents of hunger, poverty and misery during the occupation in the "winter of hunger" of 1944-1945. AndriesseVolendam1945.jpg|Volendam 1945 AndriesseEmmyVolendam1945.jpg| Bevrijdingsfeest_Volendam_1945.jpg| After the war, she became a fashion photographer and was an associate and mentor of Ed van der Elsken. She participated in the group show ''Photo '48'' and in 1952, together with Carel Blazer, Eva Besnyö and Cas Oorthuys, the exhibition ''Photographie'', both in Amsterdam's Stedelijk Museum. Her work appeared in Edward Steichen's 1951 ''The Family of Man'' and recently (October 2006-January 2007) she was included in a display of Twentieth Century European photography at the Barbican Art Gallery, London. Andriesse's last commission, the book ''The World of Van Gogh'' - published posthumously in 1953 - was not yet complete when she became ill and after a long battle with cancer she died at the age of 39. ==References== * Visser, Hripsime and Bool, Flip (1994). ''Emmy Andriesse (1914-1953)''. Focus Publishing, Amsterdam. * van Santen,Louise (1975) ''Emmy Andriesse - a profile'' in Emmy Andriesse Photographs 1944/52 (Exhibition catalogue) Rijksmuseum, Amsterdam * Visser, Hripsimé (1984), essay in ''History of Dutch photography'' Alphen aan den Rijn * 30 April 1991 NOS broadcast television documentary ''Emmy Andriesse'' * Rawsthorn, Alice: A Secret History 'The Guardian' October 2006. * Baring, Louise (2013). "Emmy Andriesse - Hidden Lens". Schilt Publishing, Amsterdam. 抄文引用元・出典: フリー百科事典『 ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』 ■ウィキペディアで「Emmy Andriesse」の詳細全文を読む スポンサード リンク
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